Rafters are usually made of pine or cedar.Part of a cruck frame may function as a rafter but they are called a cruck blade.A "binding rafter" is not a rafter but an obsolete name for a purlin or support.Common rafters pass over and are supported by a principal purlin, if present. Butt rafter: A smaller rafter interrupted by and joined to a butt purlin.Barge rafter: The outermost rafter on a gable end, sometimes forming a roof overhang.Knee (crook, kneeling, cranked) rafter: A rafter with a bend typically a few feet from the foot used to gain attic space like adding a kneewall.Arched rafter: Of segmental form in an arched roof.Jack rafter, cripple rafter, cripple-jack rafter: A shortened rafter such as landing on a hip rafter or interrupted by a dormer.Intermediate rafter: "one between principal or common rafters to strengthen a given place" (rare).Valley rafter (historically also called a sleeper): A rafter forming a valley (look for illustration showing a valley).King rafter: the longest rafter on the side of a hip roof in line with the ridge.The foot of a hip rafter lands on a dragon beam. Hip rafter (angle rafter): The rafter in the corners of a hip roof.Curb rafter: The upper rafters in a curb (kerb, gambrel, Mansard roof) roof.Compass rafter: A rafter curved or bowed on the top (the top surface of a rafter is called its "back") or both the top and bottom surfaces.
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